Hard landings can cause extensive damage to aircraft if not carried out safely or properly.
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If the runway is wet, slippery, or icy then it is normal to make a firmer landing. This will lessen the chance of skidding or hydroplaning and spin the tires quicker. In foggy, or even dark, conditions this is an issue too. It can be harder to judge distances visually and again a firmer landing can be safer.
In this situation attempting a smooth landing would increase the chances of overrunning the runway. Firm landings are the way to go to slow the plane down faster and to get off the runway sooner. Especially when it's raining outside, firm landings are more so desirable.
Ryanair has a reputation for hard landings and they are actually known for their rough approach style. This is because they try to get as close to the runway as possible and come in faster than most other airlines. This helps them save fuel and reduce their approach time.
1 Lukla Airport (Nepal)The airport is located over 9,000 feet and is positioned between two mountains. While the terrain and the high altitude make operating an aircraft at the airport hard enough, the pilots then have to contend with the airport's unidirectional runway, which is only 1,600 feet long.
Q: Is it safer to be on a smaller plane or larger one? A: It is not possible to make a safety differentiation between small or large airplanes because the terms are vague. Regional airline-size airplanes have a somewhat higher accident rate than do larger airline jets. Turboprops have a higher accident rate than jets.
Aircraft age is not a safety factor. However, if the aircraft is older and hasn't been refurbished properly, it may cause flyers some inconvenience such as overheating, faulty air conditioning, or faulty plumbing in the lavatory. More important than an aircraft's age is its history.
Discussion: In some cases pilots may need to reject a landing due to rapidly deteriorating weather conditions which reduce the visibility required for a safe landing.
Among other things, this means descending to a lower altitude and, potentially, reducing the airplane's speed. If all of an airplane's engines fail simultaneously, the pilot will perform an emergency landing.
Transferring too much weight onto the nosewheel causes a situation called wheelbarrowing, which can lead to a loss of directional control, prop strike, or nose gear collapse. On top of those problems, with little to no weight on your main landing gear, you have little braking action.
Fatigue is particularly prevalent among pilots because of unpredictable work hours, long duty periods, circadian disruption, and insufficient sleep. These factors can occur together to produce a combination of sleep deprivation, circadian rhythm effects, and 'time-on task' fatigue.
So that leaves the final descent and landing. They take up about 4% of the average flight, lasting twice as long as takeoff and initial climb. But a whopping 49% of fatal accidents occur in this short window, making the final descent and landing the deadliest part of an average flight.
Wake turbulence poses a major risk to other aircraft, so pilots and ATC use the term “heavy” in radio transmissions as a reminder that the aircraft's wake may be dangerous to others passing behind or below the flightpath of these larger-mass aircraft.