Other than a refrigerator/watercooler and a bathroom there are almost zero ammenities on a locomotive. Only way a engineer can go to bathroom is by stopping his train or if the conductor is a certified engineer he could run for while.
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For those who wonder where the train crews go to the bathroom this is in the nose of the locomotives. Hope for smooth tracks when you go.
Conductors do not sleep on trains. As operating personnel they are awake for their entire shift, and can be on duty no more than 12 hours. At crew change points, they stay in hotels that the railroad has arranged for them. The same situation applies to engineers (in other countries, the “driver”).
If you want to get up and stretch your legs, there's plenty of room to walk around, with restrooms conveniently located in every car. On shorter train journeys, Amtrak's Coach Class seats provide a comfortable place to relax and enjoy the view.
Practically all road locomotives have a toilet. Older yard switchers do not. The toilet is in the nose and consists of .... a toilet. There are no other facilities such as running water and the like.
Do train drivers have a bathroom? Only way a engineer can go to bathroom is by stopping his train or if the conductor is a certified engineer he could run for while.
In the USA, staff were instructed to lock toilets when the train was stopped in a station and unlock them when the train was again underway. Mercifully, new trains no longer dump waste on the tracks. Instead, trains are fitted with chemical holding tanks.
Conductors work long days (anywhere from 11 to 13 hours, typically), they have to maneuver heavy machinery in sometimes terrible weather conditions, and they can't really plan time off for birthdays, holidays, and anniversaries. A former conductor told Reddit: “It is a career that kills marriage.”
You can expect to be called for duty at any time - like 1 AM - work up to 12 hours, get the mandatory rest time, and be called again ASAP. That results in a 22 to 24 hour duty cycle, which can go on for 6 or 7 days before any mandatory days off apply.
While modern trains won't litter the tracks with human excrement, the traditional method did just that. This is what was known as a hopper toilet. It could either be a simple hole in the floor (also known as a drop chute toilet) or a full-flush system.
Where does a train conductor sleep? Conductors and engineers sleep at home or at a hotel at their away terminal. The operating crew of a train in the US can only be on duty for 12 hours and then must be relieved.
Vacuum toiletVacuum systems used in the newest carriages are similar to those in airliners: waste is pulled into a holding tank with a high pressure pump.
If you are on a train, local trains sometimes do not have toilets, although most trains do (but not Underground trains). All passengers have access to these, if you want to take the risk.