Do you need clearance to fly over Class C airspace?
Class C airspace never requires a separate clearance. If you are in two-way communications with the controlling facility, you satisfy the requirements for authorization through Class C airspace.
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An ATC clearance is required to enter and operate within Class B airspace. VFR pilots are provided sequencing and separation from other aircraft while operating within Class B airspace.
Unless otherwise authorized or required by ATC, no person may operate an aircraft at or below 2,500 feet above the surface within 4 nautical miles of the primary airport of a Class C airspace area at an indicated airspeed of more than 200 knots (230 mph).
Without ADS-B Out, you can fly in any airspace except the ADS-B rule airspace defined by FAR 91.225 (see above). Note that ADS-B is not required in Class D airspace, or under a Class B or Class C airspace shelf, unless it lies within a Mode C veil.
You must be equipped with ADS-B Out to fly in most controlled airspace. Any airspace that requires the use of a Transponder, described in 14 CFR 91.215, also requires aircraft to be equipped with a Version 2 ADS-B Out system.
There's one more thing to keep in mind when you're operating in Class B airspace: in general, you need to be at least a private pilot to enter the airspace. Student, sport and recreational pilots can enter specific Class B airspaces, but only after they receive training and an endorsement from an instructor.
The purpose of Class C airspace is to enhance aviation safety in the terminal area and to decrease the risk of midair collisions by providing traffic separation service.
Class B airspace surrounds the busiest airports from the surface to 10,000 feet MSL. The dimensions of Class B airspace vary depending on the needs of the airport. Class C airspace extends from the surface to 4,000 feet MSL.
The purpose of Class C airspace is to enhance aviation safety in the terminal area and to decrease the risk of midair collisions by providing traffic separation service.
Most airspace in the United States is class E. The airspace above FL600 is also class E. No ATC clearance or radio communication is required for VFR flight in class E airspace.
Entering Class C airspace requires a mode C transponder, and two-way communications (meaning that ATC says your tail number). To transition through or land at a Class C airspace, make the request within 20 miles.
Class C Airspace (Mandatory Radar)A shelf area with an outer radius of 10 nautical miles surrounds the core area. It extends from 1200 feet AGL to 4000 feet AGL. The airspace is depicted on charts as 2 concentric magenta circles.
You should advise ATC before any altitude change when operating VFR-on-top. This ensures ATC can provide accurate traffic information and separation. VFR-on-top is not permitted in Class A airspace.
Class C airspace is used around airports with a moderate traffic level.Class D is used for smaller airports that have a control tower. The U.S. uses a modified version of the ICAO class C and D airspace, where only radio contact with ATC rather than an ATC clearance is required for VFR operations.
Operating Rules and Pilot/Equipment Requirements. Regardless of weather conditions, an ATC clearance is required prior to operating within Class B airspace. Pilots should not request a clearance to operate within Class B airspace unless the requirements of 14 CFR Sections 91.131, 91.215, and 91.225 are met.