Often, during hot summer months, the amount of dissolved oxygen in a lake becomes low, making fish inactive. Rain will aerate the surface water and often has a cooling effect, both of which can activate fish.
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Rain may have a cooling effect on the lake surface by lowering the near-surface air temperature, by the direct rain heat flux into the lake, by mixing the lake surface layer through the flux of kinetic energy and by convective mixing of the lake surface layer.
Rain may have an effect on the lake surface in four ways: (i) evaporative cooling of the near-surface air during precipitation, which induces an additional upward sensible heat flux from the lake towards the atmosphere; (ii) direct rain heat flux into the lake; (iii) mixing of the lake surface layer through the flux of ...
All lakes are unique, so there's no standard equation or formula to say how much rain it takes to maintain or raise a lake's level. In theory, if a lake had perfectly vertical sides and a smooth bottom and had no inflows or outflows (like a pool) one inch of rain would raise the lake's level by one inch.
Freshwater scientists know that storms can alter physical processes in lakes such as water flows from tributaries, mixing in the water column, sediment disturbance and water temperature.
During rainy seasons, oxygen concentrations tend to rise in most surface waters because rain saturates with oxygen as it falls. More sunlight and warmer temperatures also increase plant growth and animal activity, which may increase or decrease DO concentrations and increase diurnal fluctuation.