How fast did passenger trains go in the 1870s?

The speed of trains varied according to the conditions of tracks and bridges, dropping to nine miles per hour over hastily built sections and increasing to thirty-five miles per hour over smoother tracks. Most travelers of the early 1870*5 mentioned eighteen to twenty-two miles per hour as the average.



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In the early days of British railways, trains ran up to 78 mph by the year 1850. However, they ran at just 30mph in 1830. As railway technology and infrastructure progressed, train speed increased accordingly. In the U.S., trains ran much slower, reaching speeds of just 25 mph in the west until the late 19th century.

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How fast was a train in the 1860s? On straight and level track, they could go up to sixty miles per hour. Going up grade, or around curves would limit their speeds. Track conditions were the real limiting factor for wood fired steam locomotives.

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Despite fears of what traveling at superfast speeds would do to the human body, trains in the 1850s traveled at 50 mph or more and, somewhat surprisingly at the time, did not cause breathing problems or uncontrollable shaking for their passengers.

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The building of the transcontinental railroad was a wonder. Three thousand miles over and through mountains, deserts, ravines, and rivers. When it was completed in 1869 the train traveled at the incredible speed of 22 miles an hour and the trip, all the way across the country took only 10 days!

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One highspeed “light” train -meaning a single passenger coach, one baggage car, and dining/bar car - averaged about 45 MPH but one section of the run where the track was straight for many miles it would run 90 MPH and was timed at 96 on a few occasions.

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The first passenger trains were undeniably crude; they seldom traveled more than 20 miles per hour and meals were eaten quickly in station dining halls. Wooden benches were the standard seating accommodations and wood stoves furnished heat. Air conditioning was unheard of until the 1930s.

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Faster inter-city trains: 1920–1941 Rail transportation was not high-speed by modern standards but inter-city travel often averaged speeds between 40 and 65 miles per hour (64 and 105 km/h).

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Waterways and a growing network of railroads linked the frontier with the eastern cities. Produce moved on small boats along canals and rivers from the farms to the ports. Large steamships carried goods and people from port to port. Railroads expanded to connect towns, providing faster transport for everyone.

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Beginning in the early 1870s, railroad construction in the United States increased dramatically. Prior to 1871, approximately 45,000 miles of track had been laid. Between 1871 and 1900, another 170,000 miles were added to the nation's growing railroad system.

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1872 – The Midland Railway put in a third-class coach on its trains. 1875 – Midland Railway introduced eight and twelve wheeled bogie coaches. 1877 – Vacuum brakes are invented in the United States. 1879 – First electric railway demonstrated at the Berlin Trades Fair.

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In 1934, Flying Scotsman achieved the first authenticated 100 mph (161 km/h) by a steam locomotive.

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The speed of trains varied according to the conditions of tracks and bridges, dropping to nine miles per hour over hastily built sections and increasing to thirty-five miles per hour over smoother tracks. Most travelers of the early 1870*5 mentioned eighteen to twenty-two miles per hour as the average.

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In 1870 it took approximately seven days and cost as little as $65 for a ticket on the transcontinental line from New York to San Francisco; $136 for first class in a Pullman sleeping car; $110 for second class; and $65 for a space on a third- or “emigrant”-class bench.

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The railroad, which stretched nearly 2,000 miles between Iowa, Nebraska and California, reduced travel time across the West from about six months by wagon or 25 days by stagecoach to just four days.

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But it was not uncommon for the Zephyr or other trains to hit speeds of more than 100 mph in the 1930s.

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By 1910 trains reached the speeds of 90 km/h leaving post coaches to fill the secondary spot but soon to be replaced by motorized buses. Today the ICE and the TGV can operate at 320 km/h roughly 100 times the speed of post coach turn of the 19th century.

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