The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, resulted in the total destruction of the entire World Trade Center complex, which consisted of seven primary buildings. This included the iconic North and South Towers (WTC 1 and 2), as well as WTC 3 (the Marriott Hotel), WTC 4, WTC 5, WTC 6, and WTC 7, which collapsed later that afternoon. Beyond these seven structures, the impact and subsequent collapses caused catastrophic damage to several surrounding buildings. For example, the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church was completely destroyed. The Deutsche Bank Building (130 Liberty Street) was so severely damaged and contaminated that it was eventually decommissioned and dismantled. Additionally, the Fiterman Hall of Borough of Manhattan Community College suffered irreparable structural damage and had to be rebuilt. Many other nearby structures, such as the Winter Garden Atrium and the Verizon Building, suffered significant but repairable damage. In total, while seven buildings made up the core complex, the architectural landscape of Lower Manhattan was permanently altered with over a dozen structures either leveled or eventually demolished due to the unprecedented scale of the devastation.