American researchers have discovered the world's oldest paved road, a 4,600-year-old highway that linked a basalt quarry in a desolate region of the Egyptian desert to waterways that carried basalt blocks to monument sites along the Nile.
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The Lake Moeris Quarry Road is recognized as the oldest surviving paved road in the world. Dating from the Old Kingdom period in Egypt, it transported basalt blocks from the quarry to a quay on the shores of ancient Lake Moeris.
The immense waterworks undertaken by the ancient Egyptian pharaohs of the twelfth dynasty to transform the lake into a huge water reservoir gave the impression that the lake was an artificial excavation, as reported by geographers and travelers during classical times.
The lake is first recorded from about 3000 BC, around the time of Menes (Narmer); however, for the most part it would only be filled with high flood waters. The lake was bordered by neolithic settlements, and the town of Shedet grew up on the south where the higher ground created a ridge.
Lake Baikal in southern Siberia was formed 25 million ago. Unlike Lake Zaysan, researchers are more unanimous on its age, and it is commonly referred to as the oldest lake in the world. The fresh water lake covers an area of about 12,248 sq mi and is the largest fresh water lake in the world.
Situated in south-east Siberia, the 3.15-million-ha Lake Baikal is the oldest (25 million years) and deepest (1,700 m) lake in the world. It contains 20% of the world's total unfrozen freshwater reserve.
Lake Qarun is a popular weekend spot for Cairenes looking to cool down, and the lake edge is dotted with cafes and wedding pavilions. It's not a big swimming spot, but even the sight of an expansive lake on the edge of the desert is refreshing, and you can rent a rowing boat.
Lake Qarun's surface water – 3Km south of National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries – is alkaline (pH 8.4), with high conductivity (95 mS/m) and a high total dissolved solids (TDS, 2.8 g/L), chloride (Cl, 164 ppm)), and ammonium-N (9.2 ppm). The dissolved oxygen (DO) content at a depth of 3m is 3.5 ppm.