If the pressure isn't equalized, the higher air pressure pushes on one side of the eardrum and causes pain. That's why so many babies cry during those last few minutes of the flight, as the air pressure in the cabin increases as the plane prepares to land.

Airplane pressure is generally not "bad" or dangerous for healthy babies, but it can be extremely uncomfortable during the ascent and especially the descent. Because a baby’s Eustachian tubes are much smaller and more horizontal than an adult's, they struggle to equalize the pressure in their middle ear as the cabin altitude changes. This pressure imbalance can cause significant ear pain, which is why babies often cry during the final 30 minutes of a flight. To help, pediatricians in 2026 recommend "forced swallowing" through nursing, bottle-feeding, or a pacifier during these times to help open the tubes. It is important to note that babies with a current ear infection or a recent cold should consult a doctor before flying, as the pressure could potentially damage the eardrum if the tubes are completely blocked by fluid. For the rest of the body, the lower oxygen levels and dry air are usually well-tolerated by infants, though maintaining hydration is key. Most airlines allow healthy full-term infants to fly as early as one to two weeks old, but a check-up is always a wise precaution.