The higher you are in the sky, the less oxygen your body will carry, and less oxygen means higher blood pressure. If you typically have a regular blood pressure or even a low blood pressure, this increase will likely have no effect on you.
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One of the main issues of flying when you have hypertension is the reduced oxygen level in the plane cabin, which occurs because of the high altitude. Being in high altitudes, (at least 5,000 to 11,500 feet above sea level) can increase a person's blood pressure because of the low level of oxygen.
Does flying affect blood pressure? Yes it can. At high altitudes, even in a pressurised aircraft cabin, passengers are at risk of hypoxaemia (low oxygen concentration in the blood).
If you have high blood pressure or heart problems, you should not take decongestants without approval of your healthcare provider. Swallow often and chew gum during the flight, particularly during take-off and as the plane reduces altitude prior to landing.Drink plenty of fluids.
Sitting on a plane for many hours not only allows blood to pool, but it also puts your knees at an angle that makes the veins inside them kink up. Just as water doesn't flow easily through a kinked-up garden hose, blood can't flow as well through a vein that has a kink.
There are a number of effects altitude and airplane travel have on the body, including oxygen deprivation, alteration of sleep patterns, and an increased risk of contracting contagious diseases.
Airplane Travel and Blood Oxygen SaturationTypically, in-cabin air pressure is equivalent to that seen at 5000 to 8000 ft. Local hypoxia causes vasodilation (decrease in blood pressure) and increased capillary permeability, as well as increased ventilatory effort and heart rate.
Cabins are pressurized to ~7,000 ft elevation, so pO2 is lower than at sea-level. Your body compensates for the relative hypoxia by increasing heart-rate.