The remaining four international 'London' airports - London Luton, London Stansted, London Southend and London Gatwick - are not actually in the capital. London Ashford Airport and London Oxford Airport, two smaller airports, are also not in London.
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Other nearby airports include London Heathrow (LHR) (14.4 miles), London Gatwick (LGW) (24.5 miles), London Luton (LTN) (28 miles) and London Stansted (STN) (31.4 miles).
It is not as if the city of London planned where to put each airport. They were there when the need for additional capacity appeared; in some cases the airports initially served local municipalities and cargo airlines, later to be used by charter and other airlines when the airports closer to London were full.
London Southend Airport (SEN)Southend serves the smallest number of passengers of all the airports on the list and is furthest away from the city. The transfer time to central London is also the longest. Depending on your flexibility, you could find cheap flights here with easyJet.
Luton (LTN)Like Gatwick and Stansted, London's fourth airport, at Luton, is nearly 30 miles from the city center. Yet despite being the same distance from town, it's the quickest of the three to reach by train (not including the shuttle bus to the terminal).
Heathrow, Gatwick and City are considered more premium passenger experiences, while Stansted, Luton, and Southend are very much budget terminals. Where you are going in central London (or coming from) should influence your choice of airport.