Generally, Class B Airspace extends from the altitude of the airport up to 10,000ft MSL. Laterally, it normally contains three different areas of airspace, laid out like an upside-down wedding cake.
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The upper limit of the airspace should not exceed 10,000 feet MSL. However, high airport field elevation, adjacent high terrain, or operational factors may warrant a ceiling above 10,000 feet MSL.
The ceiling of a Class C airspace should be 4,000 feet above the primary airport's field elevation. The surface area extends from the surface to the upper limit of the airspace. The floor of the airspace between the 5 and the 10 NM must extend from no lower than 1,200 feet AGL to the upper limit of the airspace.
Class E Enroute AirspaceYou may have heard that Class E airspace starts at 14,500 feet, but if you look at the sectional, this often isn't the case. In the vast majority of areas, there are enough airports and victor airways to have Class E begin at 1,200 feet AGL. This is known as enroute Class E airspace.
An ATC clearance is required to enter and operate within Class B airspace. VFR pilots are provided sequencing and separation from other aircraft while operating within Class B airspace. AIM, Para 4-1-18, Terminal Radar Services for VFR Aircraft.
Class E airspace typically extends up to, but not including, 18,000 feet MSL (the lower limit of Class A airspace). All airspace above FL 600 is Class E airspace. Uncontrolled airspace or Class G airspace is the portion of the airspace that has not been designated as Class A, B, C, D, or E.
The airspace within 30 nautical miles of an airport listed in Appendix D, Section 1 of 14 CFR Part 91 (generally primary airports within Class B airspace areas), from the surface upward to 10,000 feet MSL.
Class B airspace surrounds the busiest airports from the surface to 10,000 feet MSL. The dimensions of Class B airspace vary depending on the needs of the airport. Class C airspace extends from the surface to 4,000 feet MSL.
Although the configuration of each Class C airspace area is individually tailored, the airspace usually consists of a 5 NM radius core surface area that extends from the surface up to 4,000 feet above the airport elevation, and a 10 NM radius shelf area that extends no lower than 1,200 feet up to 4,000 feet above the ...
Such operations shall comply with paragraph (a) of this section. (c) No person may operate an aircraft in the airspace underlying a Class B airspace area designated for an airport or in a VFR corridor designated through such a Class B airspace area, at an indicated airspeed of more than 200 knots (230 mph).
An ATC clearance is required for all aircraft that receive separation services within the airspace. Even though you may be operating below the Bravo, you should use caution against operating too closely to the boundaries, especially where the floor of the Class B airspace is 3,000 feet or less above the surface.
The Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Part 91.119 indicates that, except when necessary for departure or landing, the minimum altitude over urban areas is 1,000 feet above ground level (AGL) and 500 feet AGL over rural areas.
Class C Airspace (Mandatory Radar)A shelf area with an outer radius of 10 nautical miles surrounds the core area. It extends from 1200 feet AGL to 4000 feet AGL. The airspace is depicted on charts as 2 concentric magenta circles.
A pilot must maintain a vertical distance of 1,000ft above, 500ft below, and 2,000ft horizontally in Class G airspace at these altitudes. When operating at and below 1,200ft AGL in Class G airspace, a pilot must remain clear of clouds during the day and have a minimum forward flight visibility of 1sm.
On a map, Class G's ceiling is the floor of Class E airspace. And, it's always exclusive. For example, if Class E starts at 700 feet AGL, Class G goes up to, but doesn't include, 700 feet AGL. Class G airspace is most easily found on a sectional map when a fading, thick blue line appears.
Class C airspace is designed to establish and maintain safe separation of mixed general aviation and airline traffic. It is usually upside-down wedding cake shaped and depicted on charts with two bold magenta rings along with numbers indicating the airspace floor and ceiling within each ring.
Class G airspace does not have the ATC control or support to fly on an IFR flight plan. You may, however, takeoff and land at a Class G airport. If you enter or fly through a Class G airspace, ATC control and support is terminated until you re-enter controlled airspace or close your flight plan.
Class F. Class F is not used in the United States. In Canada, Class F is the equivalent of U.S. special use airspace including restricted and alert areas, while ICAO defines it as a hybrid of Class E and Class G, in which ATC separation guidance is available but not required for IFR operation.