What is the average fuel economy of a train?

In fact, trains can haul one ton of goods an average of more than 480 miles on just a single gallon of fuel, making them 3-4 times more fuel efficient than trucks. Freight rail is the most fuel-efficient way to transport freight over land, and railroads continue to invest in technology to reduce fuel consumption.



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Freight trains in the US are often powered by two or more diesel units, each about 4400 horsepower. Those units are each supposed to burn around 210 US gallons per hour when they're producing full power.

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How many gallons of gas does a train hold? An SD40–2 locomotive - a 3,000 HP standard line-haul workhouse of the past used by most North American RR holds 3,200 to 4,000 gallons of fuel. A typical switching locomotice - EMD MP 1500 - a 1,500 HP standard switching locomotive will hold 1,100 to 14,00 gallons of fuel.

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Trains measure in at 477 ton-miles per gallon of fuel, while for trucks it's only 145 ton-miles per gallon. [2,3] This is primarily because the rolling resistance of steel wheels on rails is less than that of rubber tires on the road. As a result, rail tends to be poorly suited for short trips.

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The 2022 CSX system-wide train efficiency metric, as shown above, equals approximately 520 ton-miles per gallon. In other words, CSX trains, on average, can move a ton of freight nearly 520 miles on a gallon of fuel, based on our 2022 revenue ton miles and 2022 fuel use.

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Railroads are roughly four times more fuel efficient than trucks. Shipping freight via rail limits greenhouse gas emissions and increases fuel efficiency, reducing the transportation carbon footprint. In fact, moving freight by rail instead of truck lowers greenhouse gas emissions by 75%.

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For a fuel cost of $0.84 per liter of diesel ($3.17 per gallon) (AAR (2012b)), this results in an average running fuel cost of $185 per locomotive-hour.

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BNSF Locomotives. We have one of the newest locomotive fleets in the industry. A typical BNSF locomotive will travel up to 4.8 million miles in its lifetime - equal to about 20 trips from the earth to the moon.

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Federal regulators limit the speed of trains with respect to the signaling method used. Passenger trains are limited to 59 mph and freight trains to 49 mph on track without block signal systems. (See dark territory.)

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A train engine requires about a hundred litres of fuel to get it started. So it wouldn't be economical if the engine is stopped and started frequently. This apart, if the engine is stopped, the moving parts' lubrication will also come to a halt.

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While the average car engine has about 200 horsepower, locomotive engines typically range from 2,000 to 4,500 horsepower.

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Rail Tank Car Fun Facts Typically, tank cars have up to five times the capacity of truck, holding between 6,500 gallons to more than 31,000 gallons of liquid.

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Loading of coal and water and incidental maintenance takes a steam locomotive about 1 hour. A diesel engine can be fueled from a pump in 10 minutes or so.

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Rail Tank Car Fun Facts Typically, tank cars have up to five times the capacity of truck, holding between 6,500 gallons to more than 31,000 gallons of liquid.

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If price is the deciding factor, the car trip will usually be the cheaper one for anything more than a single passenger or a single passenger with infant child in tow. (Kids under two generally ride the train free.)

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