Suica and PASMO are both "Integrated Circuit" (IC) cards used for transportation and small purchases in Japan, and for the average traveler in 2026, there is virtually no difference in how they function. Suica is issued by JR East (the main railway company), while PASMO is issued by non-JR private railways, subways, and bus companies in Tokyo. Both cards are fully "interoperable," meaning a Suica card works perfectly on PASMO readers and vice versa, across almost all of Japan. The primary difference is the "Welcome" versions for tourists: the Welcome Suica and PASMO PASSPORT are special short-term cards that do not require a deposit but expire after 28 days and do not allow for refunds of unused balances. If you are using a digital version on your iPhone or Android, you can add either to your Apple Wallet or Google Pay; the main choice simply comes down to which app you prefer or which station you happen to be at when you decide to buy a physical card. Both are essential tools for a frictionless Japanese travel experience, allowing you to "tap and go" on trains, buses, and even at vending machines and convenience stores.