What is the difference between TCAS and ADS-B?

The TCAS is a collision avoidance system, In order to estimate whether the target aircraft enter into the TA or RA protected area or not, The TCAS must interrogate the ATC transponder and receive the response signal. The ADS-B broadcasts its information automatically without interrogation.



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Transponder
  • Transponder A: sends back a transponder code to ATC.
  • Transponder C: sends a transponder code plus altitude information to ATC.
  • Transponder S: sends a transponder code plus altitude information to ATC, and receives and reports information to other transponders of the same type.


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Benefits of ADS-B tracking Having an immediate picture of the airspace around an aircraft at any given time with ADS-B data greatly enhances pilots' situational awareness. It can alert them to potential dangers from nearby aircraft or extreme weather events, as well as highlighting any airspace restrictions.

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You may fly without ADSB under the Class B or Class C shelf provided you remain outside of any Mode C veil. §91.225 tells you where you cannot fly. It says you cannot fly within the lateral boundaries of the Class B or C airspace or above the airspace.

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The regulation 14 CFR 91.225(e) allows aircraft not certificated with an electrical system, including balloons and gliders, not equipped with ADS-B Out to operate within 30 nautical miles of a Class B primary airport—basically, within its Mode C veil—while remaining outside of any Class B or Class C airspace.

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Pilots can easily make a misstep by turning off their transponder, and there are very limited circumstances which allow a pilot to do so.” Civilian aircraft can turn off their ADS-B Out only if specifically instructed to do so by ATC, or if they are the non-lead aircraft in a formation flight, Duke said.

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7000. ICAO. VFR standard squawk code when no other code has been assigned. EASA countries. Code that pilot shall set when not receiving air traffic services, unless otherwise prescribed by the competent authority.

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For example, 1200 in the USA means that the flight is flying under Visual Flight Rules (VFR) and is not typically in direct contact with ATC. 1200 is a shared code so you may see many aircraft transmitting it at the same time in a given area.

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