Markers are sets of lights on the front of L cars that indicate what route the train is running.
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Just as cabooses were variously called hacks, crummies, cabins, etc., end-of-train devices go by a variety of names. Besides ETD, there's EOT, marker, FRED or Freddy (flashing rear-end device), and even Billy and Redman. The simplest ETDs are merely darkness-actuated flashing lights that serve only as markers.
Train Lightsa. Head and Marker Lights. For the information of Stationmasters, Signallers and others, each locomotive, railcar or leading motor carriage of a train must display head and marker lights., and if available, destination signs. Locomotives have a head light and two marker lights at each end.
They're called ditch lights. Quoted from here: To increase train conspicuity, many railroads have equipped their locomotives with external auxiliary alerting devices such as strobe lights, ditch lights, crossing lights, oscillating devices, paint schemes, and reflective materials.
A cowcatcher, also known as a pilot, is the device mounted at the front of a locomotive to deflect obstacles on the track that might otherwise damage or derail it or the train.
A train crew seeing a signal with a yellow aspect will understand they are nearing an approach signal, which conveys an indication that might mean “proceed prepared to stop before your train passes the next signal; trains exceeding 35 mph must immediately reduce to that speed.” (There's more to it than simply “the next ...
Hopper toiletThe hole in the floor (also known as a drop chute toilet or direct flush toilet) system is still in use in many parts of the world, particularly on older rolling stock.
The rearlights on locomotives, multiple units and railcars. To ensure that the rear of the failed train is always visible, all trains are required to display three red lights at their rear: two tail lamps plus the red portion of the destination roller blind.