You may bring up to two pieces of baggage on board free of charge. For each bag the total of the length, width and height must not exceed 250 centimetres, the length must not exceed two meters and the weight must be no more than 30 kilograms.

On the Japanese Shinkansen (bullet trains), the rules for luggage were strictly standardized in recent years. You can bring up to two pieces of luggage for free, provided the total dimensions (Length + Width + Height) do not exceed 250 cm (approx. 98 inches) and each bag weighs no more than 30 kg. However, there is a critical "160 cm rule": if your bag's total dimensions are between 160 cm and 250 cm, it is classified as "Oversized Luggage." For travel on the Tokaido, Sanyo, and Kyushu lines, you must reserve a specific seat with an oversized baggage area in advance. This reservation is free if made beforehand, but if you board without one, you will be charged a 1,000 yen fine and the conductor will move your bag. Any bag exceeding 250 cm is strictly prohibited and must be sent via a luggage delivery service like Takkyubin.

The maximum luggage size for trains in Japan, particularly for Shinkansen (bullet trains) and most other long-distance trains, is generally as follows:

• Length + Width + Height: The total sum of these dimensions should not exceed 250 cm (about 98 inches).
• Weight: Each piece of luggage should not weigh more than 30 kg (about 66 lbs).

Additionally, there are specific guidelines for oversized luggage:

• Oversized Luggage: Items exceeding 160 cm in total dimensions (length + width + height) but still within the 250 cm limit require prior reservation in the oversized luggage area of the train. This is particularly important for Shinkansen trains, where space is limited.
• Oversized Luggage Fee: There may be an additional fee for oversized luggage, especially if it exceeds the standard dimensions.

Important Notes:

• Reservation: For Shinkansen, it’s mandatory to reserve a space for oversized luggage in advance. You can do this when purchasing your ticket.
• Storage: Smaller luggage can be stored in overhead racks or at the ends of the carriages. Larger items must be placed in designated storage areas.
• Penalties: Exceeding the size or weight limits without proper reservation can result in penalties or being denied boarding.

Always check with the specific train operator (e.g., JR Group) for the most accurate and up-to-date information, as policies may vary slightly between different services.