The most notable town located almost exactly halfway between Pisa and Florence is San Miniato. Often referred to as "San Miniato al Tedesco" to distinguish it from the convent in Florence, this medieval gem sits atop three hills overlooking the Arno Valley. It is famous globally as the "capital of the white truffle," hosting a massive truffle festival every November. Historically, its strategic position made it a favorite stop for emperors and popes traveling along the Via Francigena. Other significant towns along the general route (the FI-PI-LI highway or the regional railway) include Empoli, known for its glassmaking, and Pontedera, which is the headquarters of Piaggio and the birthplace of the iconic Vespa scooter.