Also known as an inclined plane or cliff railway, a funicular railway normally solves the problem of transporting people up extremely steep slopes. They've been used for hundreds of years and are an extraordinary feat of ingenuity.
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The trains of cog, or rack, railroads, however, can scale steep slopes using a special toothed rail, known as a rack, in the middle of the track. The train has a cog that meshes with the toothed rail. As the cog turns, it hauls the train slowly up the slope.
A funicular is a railway that goes up the side of a mountain. A funicular is pulled by a moving cable and involves complex, counterbalanced movements of the cars. It's a coincidence that the word fun is in funicular, though riding a funicular would likely be very fun indeed: it's a railway that goes up a mountain.
A Funicular Railway is just that, fun. Also known as an inclined plane or cliff railway, a funicular railway normally solves the problem of transporting people up extremely steep slopes. They've been used for hundreds of years and are an extraordinary feat of ingenuity.
The Lookout Mountain Incline Railway is a 4 ft 8+1/2 in standard gauge inclined plane funicular railway leading to the top of Lookout Mountain from the historic St. Elmo neighborhood of Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Conventional trains, using steel wheels on a steel track, could never efficiently climb a track as steep as most funicular railways. Steel wheels are used to decrease rolling resistance, which improves the efficiency of trains on flat ground, but would hinder their ability to get traction going up steep slopes.
High-speed railways commonly allow 2.5% to 4% because the trains must be strong and have many wheels with power to reach very high speeds. For freight trains, gradients should be as gentle as possible, preferably below 1.5%.
Switzerland is Home to the Steepest Cogwheel TrainThe country's Mount Pilatus is home to the world's steepest cogwheel railway, which is essentially a traditional train fitted with a rack and pinion system, or cogwheel, enabling it to climb much steeper grades.
A train has a system called Wheel Slip Protection (WSP). This system automatically eases power to the drive wheels to prevent slipping. A train carries sands that can be distributed in front of the drive wheels giving them some friction to adhere to. This can be operated by the WSP or manually by the driver.
The world's steepest cogwheel railway goes up the PilatusThe steepest cogwheel railway in the world, with a gradient of 48% and a length of 4'618 metres, links Alpnachstad with Pilatus Kulm at an altitude of 2'132 m.
Description. Gelmerbahn in the canton of Bern, Switzerland, is the steepest funicular in Europe. It has an inclination of up to 106% and a 1,028m (3,373ft) long track. It takes you to the Gelmer Valley 1860m (6,102ft) above sea level, where you can enjoy some spectacular views.
The Lickey Incline, south of Birmingham, is the steepest sustained main-line railway incline in Great Britain. The climb is a gradient of 1 in 37.7 (2.65% or 26.5‰ or 1.52°) for a continuous distance of two miles (3.2 km).