The lower temperature at the beach during the summer is primarily due to the high heat capacity of water and the resulting "sea breeze" effect. Unlike land, which heats up and cools down very rapidly, large bodies of water like the ocean absorb and store solar energy much more slowly, keeping the water—and the air directly above it—significantly cooler than the inland soil and pavement. During the day, as the land heats up, the warm air rises and creates a low-pressure zone; the cooler, denser air from the ocean then rushes in to fill the void, creating a refreshing coastal breeze. Additionally, some coastal regions are influenced by upwelling, where cold, nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean is pushed to the surface by wind patterns, further chilling the air. This natural air-conditioning effect makes coastal areas a popular refuge from the "urban heat islands" found in inland cities, where concrete and asphalt trap heat and raise temperatures by several degrees compared to the shore.