Whether you need to collect your bags depends on if your connection is domestic or international and the specific customs laws of the transit country. If you are flying domestically (e.g., New York to LA via Chicago) on a single ticket, your bags are almost always checked through to your final destination. However, if you are flying internationally into the United States, you must collect your checked bags at your first port of entry to clear Customs, even if you are connecting to another domestic flight. After clearing, you simply drop them back on a "baggage re-check" belt. In contrast, many international hubs like London Heathrow, Hong Kong, or Dubai allow "International-to-International" transit where your bags stay in the system and you never see them until your final stop. In 2026, always look for the "Through Checked" note on your luggage tag at the departure counter; if your bags are not checked through (common when booking separate "self-transfer" tickets on low-cost carriers), you will definitely have to collect and re-check them.