While Pasmo and Suica are issued by different companies (JR East for Suica and a consortium of private railways/bus companies for Pasmo), they are functionally identical and fully interchangeable for the vast majority of travelers. Both are rechargeable "stored-value" IC cards used for seamless payment on trains, buses, and at convenience stores throughout Japan. Since 2013, a nationwide integration has allowed either card to work in almost every major city, including Osaka and Kyoto (where they are compatible with the Icoca system). In 2026, the primary difference remains the "Welcome" or "Passport" versions designed for tourists, which expire after 28 days and do not require a deposit. For most users, the choice between them usually comes down to which station you arrive at first, as Suica is sold at JR stations while Pasmo is sold at subway and private rail kiosks.