(1) A person may log instrument time only for that flight time when the person operates the aircraft solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument flight conditions.
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Example: Flying over the ocean at night with no moon and no horizon at all. I would argue that any time you're flying and encounter a situation where you would not be able to continue without instruments is loggable as actual.
To legally act as PIC, a private, commercial, and airline transport pilot must have a current medical certificate and have all required endorsements, ratings, and recency of experience for the type of aircraft being flown and the flight conditions under which the flight is conducted (FAR 61.3, 61.31, 61.56, 61.57).
You can log training time in a simulator but you can't log PIC time. The rules on logging are in 14 CFR 61.51. There's no requirement anywhere that I can see to have a medical and/or flight review in order to log time.
As a VFR pilot you are responsible for terrain avoidance and avoiding other aircraft. As long as the tower clears you for a straight-in approach, there is nothing to prevent you from flying the ILS. That being said, it is fairly difficult to watch for terrain and traffic while also watching the needles.
It shoud be taxiing from point A to point B without taking off is loggable with the intention to fly. For example, if you find out that you have a bad magnito while checking it on the take off checklist and want to taxi back to get it fixed, you can log it as flight time because you were intending to fly the plane.
So is there any way for a not yet HP/Complex endorsed Private Pilot to log PIC time in a Mooney? Yes!As long as they fly with another pilot or instructor who is qualified to act as PIC in a Mooney (including BFR, current, medical, and Complex/HP endorsements).
Yes.You may log instrument time as a condition of flight, in accordance with 14 CFR 61.51(b)(3). Conditions of flight apply regardless of weather you are PIC, or SIC, or the rules under which the flight is operated. You may not log approaches or landings which you have not performed, for currency.